DEEP WORK

[Chapter 2] Virus Replication(진행중)

In the previous chapter, viruses were defined as obligate intracellular parasites that are unable to direct any independent biosynthetic processes outside the host cell. It was further noted that the genetic complexity of viruses varies greatly between individual virus families, ranging from those viruses that encode only a few proteins to others that encode several hundred proteins. Given this ..

[Chapter 1] The Nature of Viruses

INTRODUCTION: A BRIEF HISTORY OF ANIMAL VIROLOGYThe history of human development has been shaped by at least three major recurring elements: (1) environmental changes; (2) human conflicts; (3) infectious diseases. Infectious diseases have impacted both humans and our food supply. The origins of veterinary medicine are rooted in efforts to maintain the health of animals for food and fiber product..

IntroductionEdwardsiella species are abundant infreshwater and marine environments and one particular species, E. piscicida (old name as E. tarda) is a common and important fish pathogen. E. piscicida causes severe infections in a wide variety of marine and freshwater animals, especially in fish, in the USA, Europe, Asia, and around the world [1,2]. Factors that have contributed to the severity ..

In vertebrates, the interferon (IFN) response, characterized by induction of IFNs and the subsequent establishment of the cellular antiviral state, is the hallmark of antiviral immunity. IFNs are a group of secreted cytokines with activities to inhibit viral replication and regulate the function of immune cells1,2. In mammals, three types of IFNs (type I, II and III IFNs) have been identified, a..