DEEP WORK

1. IntroductionThe immune system of fish is physiologically similar to that of higher vertebrates, despite certain differences. In contrast to higher vertebrates, fish are free-living organisms from early embryonic stages of life and depend on their innate immune system for survival (Rombout et al., 2005). Nonspecific immunity is a fundamental defence mechanism in fish. In addition, it plays an ..

서 론 대한민국의 양식어종 중 넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)는 한국 및 동아시아에서 상업적 가치가 높은 양식어종으로, 넙치 양식 산업은 1980년대 인공 종묘 생산기술과 양식생산 기술이 개발되어 급격하게 성장하였다(Jung et al., 2020). 이러한 성장을 통해 넙치는 2023년 기준 대한민국 양식 어류 생산량의 절반을 차지하였다(Kim et al., 2002; KOSTAT, 2024). 그러나 증가하는 수산물 소비량에 대응하기 위해 넙치의 고밀도 양식이 진행되면서 넙치에 스트레스를 유발하였다(Seo & Park, 2023). 이로 인해 넙치에서 다양한 바이러스, 박테리아, 기생충 관련 질병 발생(Cho et al., 2008)이 증가하였고, 막대한 경제적 손실이 발생하였다. 넙..

INTRODUCTIONTHE INNATE AND ACQUIRE IMMUNE SYSTEM OF BONY FISHThe immune system is a set of cellular and humoral components to defend the body against foreign substances, such as microorganisms, toxins or malignant cells, responding to factors such as endogenous or exogenous components that stimulate this system. The fish immune system is divided into innate and adaptive (memory), both divided in..

PRINCIPLES IN INNATE SIGNAL TRANSDUCTIONUpon engagement of TLRs by individual PAMPs, a number of different signaling pathways are triggered. Signal transduction is mediated initially by a family of adaptor molecules, which at least in part determines the specificity of the response (280). Recruitment of one or several adaptor molecules to a given TLR is followed by activation of downstream signa..

INTRODUCTIONThe innate immune system constitutes the first line of host defense during infection and therefore plays a crucial role in the early recognition and subsequent triggering of a proinflammatory response to invading pathogens (242). The adaptive immune system, on the other hand, is responsible for elimination of pathogens in the late phase of infection and in the generation of immunolog..

1. IntroductionThe innate immune system is the only defence weapon of invertebrates and a fundamental defence mechanism of fish. The bony fishes are derived from one of the earliest divergent vertebrate lineages to have both innate and acquired immune systems. The innate system also plays an instructive role in the acquired immune response and homeostasis (Magnado´ttir, 2006). The innate immune ..

INTRODUCTIONThe fish is an organism that comes in various shapes, and the general picture of a fish is of a water creature with scales that coat the whole body and which has fins to swim. However, these are not always true since some species of fish lack scales such as clingfish, while others lack fins, such as the eel. Furthermore, some fish like the lungfish can survive for several hours outsi..

1. IntroductionThere is an increasing worldwide demand for seafood due to the awareness of fish as an important protein source for a growing population. Wild fisheries are currently in a state of decline because of overfishing, climate change, pollution and marine habitat destruction, among other factors. However, aquaculture is rising all around the world. Du to commercial and production reason..