DEEP WORK

1. IntroductionFollowing virus challenge, fish mount an early antiviral response by activating the innate immune system [1–3] and later on another response takes place in the way of antibody production [4,5] and cytotoxic T-cell immunity [6]. Here, the focus will be set on the activation of five genes in the interferon pathway that could be regarded as the most relevant in the response to viral ..

3. Intracellular Nucleic Acid SensorsAs discussed above, the TLRs play an important role in sensing viral PAMPS that are present within the extracellular compartment, as well as in endosomes. In certain contexts, TLRs can receive viral nucleic acids generated from viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm, via an autophagy mechanism. A role for intracellular sensors in the clearance of viruses tha..

1. IntroductionCells of the innate immune system utilize pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to identify viral pathogens by engaging pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Once thought to be moieties found only on pathogens our understanding of PAMPs (pathogen associated molecular patterns) has expanded to include not only classical PAMPS such as lipopolysaccharides found on bacteria b..